Imperialism's Bitter Fruit

1. a. After the Spanish were forced out of the Philippines, why did fighting break out between American and Filipino forces?
The Filipino people thought they were going to be given their freedom and allow themselves to set up their own government. The U.S forces had assumed control over the Filipinos which angered them.
b. How was this a different kind of warfare for American forces?
The Filipinos were fighting guerilla style striking fast without warning and then disapering. The rebel forces were also able to blend in with civilians and were hard to spot and identify.
2. Why were many African-Americans strong critics of the war against Filipino nationalists?
The Filipinos were being called racist slurs like the African-Americans were. Also they saw the war as racism becuase of the attitudes of the soliders.
3. Explain two reasons why the United States lost some of its enthusiasm for imperialism in the early 1900s.
a. Many U.S soliders were dieing to put down the rebels while all the rebels wanted was freedom and freedom is the right of all people.

b. The U.S was spending a lot of money to put down the rebels because war always puts countries into debt or hinders their economy.

4. What were the positive effects of American occupation in Puerto Rico and Cuba?
The American occupation of Puerto Rico and Cuba helped them greatly by increasing the amount of technolgy avaliable like railroads and telegraphs. They helped stop yellow fever and helped open schools and improved the sanitation. They also helped improve the Puerto Rican and Cuban economies.
5. After the Spanish-American War, the United States insisted that Cuba only receive independence after agreeing to several limitations set forth in the Platt Amendment. Four restrictions on Cuban independence set forth in the Platt Amendment were:
a. The U.S would be aloud to oversee the Cuban Economy.

b. The U.S could veto the foreign policies Cuba trys to make.

c. The U.S could intervene in Cuba whenever they wanted so they could "protect" the cubans.

d. Finnally the U.S was allowed to build a naval base at Guantanamo Bay in Southern Cuba.

Was the United States justified in making these demands? Explain your reasoning.
Yes America was just in making these demands because they wanted to help the Cubans. They might have gone to far in the demands but they were somewhat in the best intrest of the Cuban people but were definetly in the intrests of America. America wanted to Cuba to be free somewhat becuase they didn't flat out deny the Cuban plea for freedom but they didn't want anyone else taking over Cuba and using it as a stepping stone to attack the U.S. So America was just in making those demands.
6. Do you believe the United States was imperialist? Why or why not?
No America wasn't Imperialist because of a few reasons. The Americans did give freedom to the territories that wanted it eventually. They didn't keep them till they didn't want to deal with them anymore like the European countries did. The Americans set them free but while it did take a while it did happen unlike the European countries who became to tried of fighting to keep control of their colonies they gave up and quit.

Spanish-American War

1. What connections did the U.S. have to Cuba in the late 1800s? List at least two.
The Americans had intrests in the sugar plantations that were owned by Americans and they were buying sugar from the plantations.
2. What were the Spanish “reconcentration camps”?
They were camps that the Spanish built so that the cuban civilians couldn't supply the rebels with food and shelter by sticking the civilians in the camps with limited food, shelter, and sanitation.
3. List three reasons why the United States went to war with Spain in Cuba.
a.The Da Lome Letter
b.The U.S.S Maine incedent
c.The American people wanted to go to war because they saw Cuba as the colonies and Spain as Great Britian and wanted European countries out of the western hemisphere
4. Which do you believe was the most important reason? Why?
The U.S.S Maine incedent was the most important reason because it was really the first truly hostile action in the American peoples' eyes. They thought the Maine was attacked by the Spanish and that the Spanish were wanting to go to war.
5. What did the Teller Amendment say?
It said that the U.S had no intrest in taking control of Cuba and that the Cuban people would control the government after the war.
6. Why was a portion of the Spanish-American War fought in the Philippines?
It was because the Spanish Fleet was in the Philippines and if the Americans destroyed the Spanish fleet they would have a tactical advantage. The Americans also saw they could take the Philippines easily without much effort because of the fact that the Spanish control and their military there were crumbling.
7. Dewey’s victory in the Philippines sparked an outpouring of pride and volunteers in the United States.
8. Why did Teddy Roosevelt and the Rough Riders want to fight in Cuba?
They wanted the pride of knowing they served their country.
9.
a. Why were many African-Americans eager to serve in the Spanish-American War?
They thought if Africa-Americans served in the war they would get more respect and help eliminate discrimination.
b. What forms of discrimination and prejudice did they encounter?
They were not allowed to become officers and they were segragated from white soliders.
10. How did racism influence American perceptions of Cuba, Puerto Rico, and the Philippines? Give two examples of events where racism affected U.S. policy after the war.
a. The Americans thought that the Cuban rebels couldn't set up a stable government because they weren't white and so the American army set up martial law.
b. The Americans thought that all of the territories the Spainish handed over were to primative because of the fact that they weren't white and they weren't christianized so they wouldn't be able to set up a stable government.

Imperialism: The Origins of a Global Power

1. Why did American plantation owners and U.S. Marines topple Hawaii’s queen in 1893? Why was Hawaii considered to be a valuable prize? What was President Grover Cleveland’s reaction? Do you agree or disagree with his quote on page 1?
They overthrew the Hawaian Government in 1893 because of the fact that Hawaii was considered a valuable prize in the Pacific. Hawaii was in the middle of the Pacific Ocean and so it was a really good spot for ships moving from America to Asia and back to refuel. Also the soil was good to grow crops like sugar and coffee. Grover Cleveland's reaction was one of disgust. He didn't think it was right to annex Hawaii to the U.S. Yes, I do agree with the quote because freedom is the right of all people. They should be able to govern themselves unless the government is doing somthing horrible to the people.
2. Identify five important changes that transformed American in the nineteenth century. How did these five changes affect Americans?
The Resources of the West brought money and the ablitly to build more things faster with the reasources like timber and coal. These helped the U.S expand itself faster. The amount of Immagricants immagrating greatly increased which gave America more workers for it's work force. Which helped them build things faster and make more money. Also expanding West gave America more resources which allowed them to have more politcal power by having somthing people want like timber and iron. These things helped America make alliances and have more political influence over the rest of the world. The invention of the railroad and faster ships let America export more things and therefore make more money and money is power which can be used for many things. Inventions also helped increase the amount of things able to be exported by increasing the amount of stuff able to be grown.
3. How did the economic depression that began in 1893 deepen the divisions in American society? Which groups suffered the most during the depression?
Two railroad companies went bankrupt which bankrupted other companies because they couldn't transport their goods to be able to sell them. Workers and farmers were affected the most because they couldn't get paid or get jobs because of the depression.
4. What were the values many Americans attached to the frontier? Why did many Americans fear that the closing of the frontier would harm America’s national character?
Resourcefulness, bravery, pragmatism, ingenuity, individualism, egalitarianism, and patriotism were all associated with the frontier. The Americans didn't know who or what they would become if their wasn't any more land to settle because that's what they did for a while.
5. Why did some Americans suggest greater involvement overseas?
It was the next place they could expand. If they started expanding and taking over territories their would be more land to settle and their would be more money to be made.
6. What policy did expansionists say would ensure the economic success of the United States? What did imperialists say?
They said that if America could creat a canal in Central America it would increase trade, if they got a foothold in Central America and Asia and the Pacific it would increase the American Economy. Imperialist said that America should take over countries to make territories so that they could have an empire where their would be more resources and other things to make more money off of.
7. How did the theories of social Darwinism and scientific racism lend support to the cause of American imperialism? How were these pseudo-scientific theories used to justify racist policies and imperialism? Are they still used today?
Both ideas said that whites were superior to others and that they were meant to rule over the other races. They aren't really because the government stepped in and took care of it but I guess they could be because of the fact that people always hate what is different.
8. What did many Protestant churches say was America’s role in the world?
They said it was America's destiny to rule the world.
9. Why did the United States become involved in several Latin American nations in the nineteenth century? Summarize why the United States became involved in Samoa, Hawaii, and other Latin American nations.
The U.S became involved with Latin American Nations because they wanted to civilize them and make them better. The U.S became involved in Samoa, Hawaii, and othe Latin American nations because they wanted more power and more money from those countries.
10. Why was the United States concerned about British involvement in Venezuela? What concept did U.S. Secretary of State Richard Olney invoke in response?
The U.S was concered of British involvement in Venezula because of the fact that if the British took over the ties for ecomonic exchange in Latin America between the U.S and them would be cut. Richard Olney used the Monroe Doctrine in responce to this.