FDR & the New Deal

1. Describe how people struggled to survive during the depression.
People were being evicted from their homes and being laid off and they were living in Shantytowns or any piece of junk big enough for them to live in and going to soup kitchens and bread lines to have access to food.
2. How was what happened to men during the Great Depression different from what happened to women? Children?
The men who were accustomed to working were worse off than women because they felt usless that they couldn't get a job or provide for their family. Women were able to make food and clothing for their children and their families. Schools were cut and with out good nutrition children were getting preventable diseases. Kids were also trying to find work and tour the country and deaths rose.
3. Describe the causes and effects (on people) because of the Dust Bowl.
The farmers who had farms lost them because of the dust bowl which didn't allow anyone to grow crops because the soil would fly away. So the farming sector of the economy worsened.
Objective: Summarize the initial steps Franklin D. Roosevelt took to reform banking and finance.
4. What was the New Deal and its three general goals? (The 3 Rs)
The New Deal was FDR's promise to give relief to the needy, economic recover, and financial reform.
5. What did Roosevelt do during the Hundred Days?
In the 100 days FDR passed over 15 laws that would help and benift his new deal.
6. Why were Roosevelt's fireside chats significant?
They made the common people think that Roosevelt was talking to them and informing them himself.
7. Describe four significant agencies and/or bills that tightened regulation of banking and finance.
The Glass-Steagall act of 1933 established the FDIC or thee Federal Deposit Insurance Company which provided insuarnce to banks so if they lost money they could get some to relace it. He persuaded congress to make the 21 ammendment which repealled prohibition. He passed the Federal Securities Act which required all companies to state everything possible about their stock. He also helped make the SEC or Securities and Exchange Commisions which regulated the stock market.

Causes of the Great Depression Outline

Thesis: The Wall Street Crash wasn't a cuase of the Great Depression it is an effect of it. The Main cause of the Great Depression were the crisis in farming, Overproduction in industry, the tariffs on trade.

Main Point 1: Crisis in Farming
a. After World War 1 the amount of crops bought and needed went down. b. Then the farmer bought more land and equipment on credit and planted more crops. c. Then the farmers when the price kept dropping they lost a lot more money and their farms were foreclosed on.

Main Point 2: Overproduction in industry
a. After World War 1 the need for war tinme materials like steel and coal went down and those prices droped. When the econmy worsened the companies started laying people off. Then when no one could buy the goods even other countries the companies collapsed.

Main Point 3: Tariffs on trade
a. After World War 1 the European economies were failing. They were putting up tariffs to sell their own goods instead of importing other countries' goods. America did this also. When the German economy dried up they couldn't pay France and Britian any longer and therefore Britian and France couldn't pay the U.S. Then when compaines couldn't export their goods to other countries they collapsed.

Causes & Early Effects of the Great Depression

1. What happened on "Black Tuesday"?
Black Tuesday was the day the stock market crashed and the U.S economy crashed.
2. How did the economic trends of the 1920s in industry, agriculture, and with consumers help cause the Great Depression? (Make sure you include significant details about each area in your answer. It should be at least a paragraph)
The industries like coal and agriculture which Europe and America bought so much of in World War I suffered greatly because the demand wasn't as big as it used to be and therefore they lost a lot of their products and profits causing the farmers and the companies to lay people off and try to salvage what was left. This cause consumerism to go down dramatically because if people didn't have jobs and money then they didn't buy things and be consumers.
3. According to your reading, what are the major causes of the Great Depression?
The causes of the Great Depression were the markets in europe being cut because of them trying to stabalize their economies by making tariffs and having war debts. The argicultural market breaking down and all the farmers losing their land. Credit payments that people couldn't pay put them into huge debt. Finally the gap between the income levels hurt the economy tremendously.
4. What was Hoover’s philosophy of government?
He thought the citizens should succed or fail by their own merit and that the government shouldn't help the people economically.
5. What was Hoover’s initial reaction to the stock market crash of 1929?
Hoover brought all the business, banking , and union leaders together and asked them to try and fix the economy by not cutting wages and hours and by not asking for higher wages.

6. What was the nation’s economic situation in 1930?
The economy was becoming worse and more companies went bankrupt and more people lost their jobs.

7. How did voters in 1930 respond to this situation?
The people voted in more Decomcrats than Republicans.

8. What did Hoover do about the economic situation?
He made the Federal Farm Board which helped farmers increase the price of their crops and the National Credit Corporation which was the nation's largest bank loaning money to small banks therfore helping them avoid bankrupcy.

9. How did the economy respond to his efforts?
The economy still worsened even with Hoover's efforts.

The Twenties Woman

1. Note two ways women's fashions changed.
They no longer wore ankle length dresses. They wore dresses that went above their knees. They also cut their hair short.
2. Note two ways women's social behavior changed.
They were allowed to drink, smoke, and talk about sex in public. Women of the middle class also thought of their marriage with their husbands as an equal partnership.
3. Note two words that describe the attitude reflected by these changes.
The Double-Standard
4. Note one way women's work opportunities improved.
They were able to get paying jobs like being a secratary, teachers, nurses, and librarians.
5. Note two ways women's home and family life improved.
They didn't have a much manual labor because of objects that were now buyable like clothes and food and They were able to focus more on their family because of this.
6. Note three negative effects that accompanied women's changing roles in the 1920s.
The double-standard of sex versus men and women, the stress of working and taking care of the family, and They also weren't taken as seriously in the work force.

Prohibition and the Scopes Trial

Do you think the passage of the Volstead Act and the ruling in the Scopes trial represented genuine triumphs for traditional values?

The Volstead Act represented a failure of traditonal values. It was made for a cause that most people didn't want. It was a law most people ignored. It was only the values of white proteastans and therefore it was a failure for the people. The white protestans were the minority of the Americans. Immigrants outnumbered them and the traditional value of America was a government for the people and by the people. This was a thing the minority wanted not the majority so the government was then for the few and by the few.

The Scopes trial was also a failure of traditonal values. Yes, while people have the right to believe what they want which is a constitutional ammendment, people can't force their beliefs one others. The freedom of religon/belief was one America was founded on and therefore people shouldn't be able to control and restrict other people's beliefs. The Scopes trial failed the basic values of America. Under no sercumstance except war could people's constituitonal rights be taken away. By taking this right away America is no longer a government by the people. By denying the people to learn all the options and theirfore choose what they believe for themselves we aren't free.

Americans Struggle with Postwar Issues

1. How did the Justice Department under A. Mitchell Palmer respond to this fear?
He had federal agents raid people suspected of being communists, socialists, and anarchists and he also suspended their civial rights and those of others.
2. Why did Palmer eventually lose his standing with the American public?
Palmer failed to find evidence supporting his claims and the people thought he was being a corrupt power hungery madman and he lost their favor.
3. How did the Ku Klux Klan respond to this fear?
They became anti-communists as well as a rascist group. They played of people fear of communism and of immagrints to grow in power and in size.
4. Why did the Klan eventually lose popularity and membership?
Their crimanal activity of killing people, driving people from the country and destorying property. These things lead to the people becoming angry at them and them losing favor.
5. Briefly describe how Sacco and Vanzetti became victims of the Red Scare.
They were charged of robery and murder of a boston man because they were anarchists and they were Italian immigransts.
6. Why was the strike by Boston police unpopular with the public?
If the police weren't working who would protect them. Most were bigoted at this time and they thought the immagrints would try and hurt them.
7. Why did Massachusetts governor Calvin Coolidge become so popular?
He put down the Boston City Police Strike and supposively saved the city and the nation.
8. Why was the strike at U.S. Steel unpopular?
The workers made steel for other people to use to work. They also put were called communist and the people's fear kicked in.
9. How did President Wilson respond to the steel strike?
Wilson called for peace between the strikers and the companies.