1. Why did American plantation owners and U.S. Marines topple Hawaii’s queen in 1893? Why was Hawaii considered to be a valuable prize? What was President Grover Cleveland’s reaction? Do you agree or disagree with his quote on page 1?
They overthrew the Hawaian Government in 1893 because of the fact that Hawaii was considered a valuable prize in the Pacific. Hawaii was in the middle of the Pacific Ocean and so it was a really good spot for ships moving from America to Asia and back to refuel. Also the soil was good to grow crops like sugar and coffee. Grover Cleveland's reaction was one of disgust. He didn't think it was right to annex Hawaii to the U.S. Yes, I do agree with the quote because freedom is the right of all people. They should be able to govern themselves unless the government is doing somthing horrible to the people.
2. Identify five important changes that transformed American in the nineteenth century. How did these five changes affect Americans?
The Resources of the West brought money and the ablitly to build more things faster with the reasources like timber and coal. These helped the U.S expand itself faster. The amount of Immagricants immagrating greatly increased which gave America more workers for it's work force. Which helped them build things faster and make more money. Also expanding West gave America more resources which allowed them to have more politcal power by having somthing people want like timber and iron. These things helped America make alliances and have more political influence over the rest of the world. The invention of the railroad and faster ships let America export more things and therefore make more money and money is power which can be used for many things. Inventions also helped increase the amount of things able to be exported by increasing the amount of stuff able to be grown.
3. How did the economic depression that began in 1893 deepen the divisions in American society? Which groups suffered the most during the depression?
Two railroad companies went bankrupt which bankrupted other companies because they couldn't transport their goods to be able to sell them. Workers and farmers were affected the most because they couldn't get paid or get jobs because of the depression.
4. What were the values many Americans attached to the frontier? Why did many Americans fear that the closing of the frontier would harm America’s national character?
Resourcefulness, bravery, pragmatism, ingenuity, individualism, egalitarianism, and patriotism were all associated with the frontier. The Americans didn't know who or what they would become if their wasn't any more land to settle because that's what they did for a while.
5. Why did some Americans suggest greater involvement overseas?
It was the next place they could expand. If they started expanding and taking over territories their would be more land to settle and their would be more money to be made.
6. What policy did expansionists say would ensure the economic success of the United States? What did imperialists say?
They said that if America could creat a canal in Central America it would increase trade, if they got a foothold in Central America and Asia and the Pacific it would increase the American Economy. Imperialist said that America should take over countries to make territories so that they could have an empire where their would be more resources and other things to make more money off of.
7. How did the theories of social Darwinism and scientific racism lend support to the cause of American imperialism? How were these pseudo-scientific theories used to justify racist policies and imperialism? Are they still used today?
Both ideas said that whites were superior to others and that they were meant to rule over the other races. They aren't really because the government stepped in and took care of it but I guess they could be because of the fact that people always hate what is different.
8. What did many Protestant churches say was America’s role in the world?
They said it was America's destiny to rule the world.
9. Why did the United States become involved in several Latin American nations in the nineteenth century? Summarize why the United States became involved in Samoa, Hawaii, and other Latin American nations.
The U.S became involved with Latin American Nations because they wanted to civilize them and make them better. The U.S became involved in Samoa, Hawaii, and othe Latin American nations because they wanted more power and more money from those countries.
10. Why was the United States concerned about British involvement in Venezuela? What concept did U.S. Secretary of State Richard Olney invoke in response?
The U.S was concered of British involvement in Venezula because of the fact that if the British took over the ties for ecomonic exchange in Latin America between the U.S and them would be cut. Richard Olney used the Monroe Doctrine in responce to this.
Thursday, October 29, 2009
Sunday, October 25, 2009
Spanish-American War (1898)
Causes: How did each of the following help to cause the outbreak of the Spanish-American War?1. American business owners
The business owners wanted to protect their sugar cane investments in Cuba.
2. José Martí
He started rebel units in Cuba fighting for freedom and destroyed American investments knowing that America would respond and probably help drive Spain out making Cuba free.
3. Valeriano Weyler
He herded the civilians into camps like cattle with barbed wire surronding the camps so they couldn't help the rebels and probably raised anti-American sentiments.
4. Yellow journalism
Was written to support the rebel faction by raising the pro-rebel sentiments by "telling" the horrendous crimes the Spanish were commiting except it was all lies.
5. De Lôme letter
A letter written by the Spanish minister to the U.S and it insulted McKinley and made the Americns angry and made them want to fight Spain. Leaked to the newspapers by rebel agents.
6. U.S.S. Maine
An American warship that was blown up in Cuba supposivly by the Spanish when it was trying to take American citizens home so they wouldn't be in the crossfire of the war between the freedom fighters and the Spainish.
Effects: What happened to each of the following territories as a result of the Spanish-American War?
7. Cuba
Cuba became a free contry after the war.
8. Puerto Rico
After Spain lost the war it became an American territory.
9. Guam
After Spain lost the war it also became and American territory.
10. Philippine Islands
The Spanish were driven out of the Philippines and they became an American colony after paying 20 million dollars to Spain.
The business owners wanted to protect their sugar cane investments in Cuba.
2. José Martí
He started rebel units in Cuba fighting for freedom and destroyed American investments knowing that America would respond and probably help drive Spain out making Cuba free.
3. Valeriano Weyler
He herded the civilians into camps like cattle with barbed wire surronding the camps so they couldn't help the rebels and probably raised anti-American sentiments.
4. Yellow journalism
Was written to support the rebel faction by raising the pro-rebel sentiments by "telling" the horrendous crimes the Spanish were commiting except it was all lies.
5. De Lôme letter
A letter written by the Spanish minister to the U.S and it insulted McKinley and made the Americns angry and made them want to fight Spain. Leaked to the newspapers by rebel agents.
6. U.S.S. Maine
An American warship that was blown up in Cuba supposivly by the Spanish when it was trying to take American citizens home so they wouldn't be in the crossfire of the war between the freedom fighters and the Spainish.
Effects: What happened to each of the following territories as a result of the Spanish-American War?
7. Cuba
Cuba became a free contry after the war.
8. Puerto Rico
After Spain lost the war it became an American territory.
9. Guam
After Spain lost the war it also became and American territory.
10. Philippine Islands
The Spanish were driven out of the Philippines and they became an American colony after paying 20 million dollars to Spain.
Thursday, October 22, 2009
U.S. Imperialism Begins
1. Name at least five factors that fueled American Imperialism.
All countries were taking over contries for colonies and the Americans didn't want to be left out. They wanted more military strength. They believed they were culturally superority. They wanted new markets to buy and sell things. They also wanted technology from the industrial revolution.
2. Choose two of the above five factors and describe them in your own words.
They wanted more military strength so they could defend their colonies and themselves better and also to help them take over countries easier. Also they wanted more markets to buy and sell things because they had a surplus and if you sell the surplus you make more money than letting it rot and wither away.
3. What was known as “Seward’s Folly” and why?
Alsaka is "Seward's Folly". This is because Congress thought buying Alaska was a mistake but then later when it became a state they found a lot of natural resources.
4. What plantation-based product accounted for three-quarters of Hawaii’s wealth in the mid-19th century and who controlled this product?
Sugar from Sugar cane.
6. Using as much detail as possible, outline the sequence of events that led to America gaining possession of Hawaii? In other words, why was the United States interested in these Pacific islands?
The christian missonaries who emigrated to Hawaii children became sugar farmers which gave America about 3/4 of it's sugar cane. The planters got duty free shipping into America so their profits increased a lot. In 1890 when the Mckinley Tariff was passed it made the farmers in Hawaii pay a duty so the farmers asked for the Hawaiin Islands so they didn't have to pay the duty.
All countries were taking over contries for colonies and the Americans didn't want to be left out. They wanted more military strength. They believed they were culturally superority. They wanted new markets to buy and sell things. They also wanted technology from the industrial revolution.
2. Choose two of the above five factors and describe them in your own words.
They wanted more military strength so they could defend their colonies and themselves better and also to help them take over countries easier. Also they wanted more markets to buy and sell things because they had a surplus and if you sell the surplus you make more money than letting it rot and wither away.
3. What was known as “Seward’s Folly” and why?
Alsaka is "Seward's Folly". This is because Congress thought buying Alaska was a mistake but then later when it became a state they found a lot of natural resources.
4. What plantation-based product accounted for three-quarters of Hawaii’s wealth in the mid-19th century and who controlled this product?
Sugar from Sugar cane.
6. Using as much detail as possible, outline the sequence of events that led to America gaining possession of Hawaii? In other words, why was the United States interested in these Pacific islands?
The christian missonaries who emigrated to Hawaii children became sugar farmers which gave America about 3/4 of it's sugar cane. The planters got duty free shipping into America so their profits increased a lot. In 1890 when the Mckinley Tariff was passed it made the farmers in Hawaii pay a duty so the farmers asked for the Hawaiin Islands so they didn't have to pay the duty.
Thursday, October 15, 2009
Progressive Era Presidents Taft and Wilson
1. How did William Howard Taft get selected to run for president?
TR picked him to run for the office of presient.
2. How did Teddy Roosevelt come to oppose Taft for the presidency in 1912?
TR opposed Taft for the presidency in 1912 because since the republican party was split in half each side wanted their on candadite. One chose Taft the other chose TR.
3. What events helped Woodrow Wilson win the election in 1912?
Since the republican party was split the democrats won because of the Republican voters slipt in to 2 groups which lowered their political power. This is like the 1860 election except in that election the democrats where divided and the republicans won easily.
4. What legislation did Wilson use to attack trusts and monopolies?
He passed the Clayton Antitrust Act of 1914 which strengthened the Sherman Antitrust Act of 1890. He also passed the Federal Trade Commision act of 1914 which set up the FDC.
5. What was the Nineteenth Amendment?
The 19th Amendment gave women the right to vote.
6. How did America's entry into World War I affect the reform movement?
Since all time was spent on the war instead of the reform movement it slowly died out and the progressive era of the nation ceased.
TR picked him to run for the office of presient.
2. How did Teddy Roosevelt come to oppose Taft for the presidency in 1912?
TR opposed Taft for the presidency in 1912 because since the republican party was split in half each side wanted their on candadite. One chose Taft the other chose TR.
3. What events helped Woodrow Wilson win the election in 1912?
Since the republican party was split the democrats won because of the Republican voters slipt in to 2 groups which lowered their political power. This is like the 1860 election except in that election the democrats where divided and the republicans won easily.
4. What legislation did Wilson use to attack trusts and monopolies?
He passed the Clayton Antitrust Act of 1914 which strengthened the Sherman Antitrust Act of 1890. He also passed the Federal Trade Commision act of 1914 which set up the FDC.
5. What was the Nineteenth Amendment?
The 19th Amendment gave women the right to vote.
6. How did America's entry into World War I affect the reform movement?
Since all time was spent on the war instead of the reform movement it slowly died out and the progressive era of the nation ceased.
Child_labor reform photos
Objective Assessment
As you view each photograph take note about what you see. (note people, background, objects) Pretend you were describing the image to someone who could not see it. Try to avoid making judgments. Where are these children?
List any clues relating to their surroundings.
Describe any tools or objects you see.
Describe their clothing. What do their clothes reveal about their work?
Subjective Assessment
What questions do you have about each of these photographs?
Based on your observations, list three things you might infer about the lives of these children. (Be sure to consider Hine's notes about the photographs when considering this.
Photograph A
The young child is in a cotton mill. She is near a window and also near a sowing machine. Her clothes are ditry and worn out.
I would say that one thing that can be infered from the photograph. One is her family is poor because she is to young to work and she still does.
Photograph B
The children are relativly young and they are in front of a manufactoring company. Their clothers are dirty, grimy, and worn out. The clothes so that the work is hard and grueling.
I wonder what the home life of the girls are because of the fact that the work shift is probably ending and the home life of the girls would desicribe the mood of each.
Photograph C
The young girl is in the middle of a row of sowimg machines. The sowing machines looked worn and used and have material in them. Her clothes are still kind of clean which shows she hasn't been working long.
Yah the girl "walked" in. More like the managers were pressering parents to send their kids to work to make extra money. Also I wonder if Lewis Hine. This photo can be used to infer a few things. The first is that the young girl's family needs money so they send her to work. It also shows that the overseers are playing on the people's need for money to buy the basic living essentials that they are getting workers for cheap labor.
Photograph D
This young boy is sitting on a lampost in the middle of the street. The boy's clothes are hidden by the newspapers he is trying to sell.
I wonder why a kid that young is working buy selling newspapers. The answer is probably that his family needs the money.
Photograph E
These kids are in a building with coal dust everywhere. The man in the backround is beating them with a stick or his foot or somthing else. Their clothes are covered in coal dust and are really worn out.
I wonder why any parent would send their kids to a coal mine to work. They could die or develop life threatening conditions. I also wonder why the parents don't pull their kids out of their to protect their kids from the beatings. No money is worth that.
Photograph F
These kids are in a glass working factory. They have many tools which are probably used to do their job. One of the kids shit is really ripped in the back and that shows that the work is hard and possible dangerous.
I can see that the kids are working late so that shows that they are probably forced to work overtime for no extra pay like most people were forced to do.
Photograph G
As you view each photograph take note about what you see. (note people, background, objects) Pretend you were describing the image to someone who could not see it. Try to avoid making judgments. Where are these children?
List any clues relating to their surroundings.
Describe any tools or objects you see.
Describe their clothing. What do their clothes reveal about their work?
Subjective Assessment
What questions do you have about each of these photographs?
Based on your observations, list three things you might infer about the lives of these children. (Be sure to consider Hine's notes about the photographs when considering this.
Photograph A
The young child is in a cotton mill. She is near a window and also near a sowing machine. Her clothes are ditry and worn out.
I would say that one thing that can be infered from the photograph. One is her family is poor because she is to young to work and she still does.
Photograph B
The children are relativly young and they are in front of a manufactoring company. Their clothers are dirty, grimy, and worn out. The clothes so that the work is hard and grueling.
I wonder what the home life of the girls are because of the fact that the work shift is probably ending and the home life of the girls would desicribe the mood of each.
Photograph C
The young girl is in the middle of a row of sowimg machines. The sowing machines looked worn and used and have material in them. Her clothes are still kind of clean which shows she hasn't been working long.
Yah the girl "walked" in. More like the managers were pressering parents to send their kids to work to make extra money. Also I wonder if Lewis Hine. This photo can be used to infer a few things. The first is that the young girl's family needs money so they send her to work. It also shows that the overseers are playing on the people's need for money to buy the basic living essentials that they are getting workers for cheap labor.
Photograph D
This young boy is sitting on a lampost in the middle of the street. The boy's clothes are hidden by the newspapers he is trying to sell.
I wonder why a kid that young is working buy selling newspapers. The answer is probably that his family needs the money.
Photograph E
These kids are in a building with coal dust everywhere. The man in the backround is beating them with a stick or his foot or somthing else. Their clothes are covered in coal dust and are really worn out.
I wonder why any parent would send their kids to a coal mine to work. They could die or develop life threatening conditions. I also wonder why the parents don't pull their kids out of their to protect their kids from the beatings. No money is worth that.
Photograph F
These kids are in a glass working factory. They have many tools which are probably used to do their job. One of the kids shit is really ripped in the back and that shows that the work is hard and possible dangerous.
I can see that the kids are working late so that shows that they are probably forced to work overtime for no extra pay like most people were forced to do.
Photograph G
These kids are in an osyter chucking factory. They are in front of a converor belt of some sort. Their clothes differ but are dirty.
I can see three things that can be infered. The first is that the families need their kids to work so they can make enough money to get buy. Second is that they work long hours told by the description. Third is that they need the smallest and the youngest of kids to work. Toddlers probably worked.
Photograph HThe kids in this photo are in front of a door of a factory of some sort and they are going to work the night shift. Their clothes are dingy and they look like they are well worn.
I wonder why the parents would let their kids work the night shift. Mabye it was so they could go to school the next day but that would make sence because then they would never ever sleep. I also wonder why the dad in the description is making his daughters do the work instead of himself. I think he is lazy and so does Lewis Hine because he directly the dad is lazy.
Thursday, October 8, 2009
TR's Square Deal
1. How did Roosevelt create the modern presidency?
He was the first one to care about the people and he wanted to help the people any way he could.
2. How did Roosevelt's intervention in a coal strike set a precedent for federal arbitration?
He threatened to take over the coal mines so that the owners would have to negotiate with the workers or lose all they had. There for from that point on if a strike happened the government was supposed to intervein.
3. What did Roosevelt do to the trusts and railroads?
He tried to disban the trusts by using the Sherman Antitrust act. He helped make the Elkin Act of 1903 and the Hepburn act of 1906 which gave the federal power a lot of power over the railroads.
4. What legislation passed during Roosevelt's presidency protected citizens?
He helped pass the meat inspection act and the pure food and drug act which made food safer and medicne safer.
5. What did Roosevelt do to protect the environment?
He set aside land for national parks. He set aside land for the perpose of people to appreciate.
He was the first one to care about the people and he wanted to help the people any way he could.
2. How did Roosevelt's intervention in a coal strike set a precedent for federal arbitration?
He threatened to take over the coal mines so that the owners would have to negotiate with the workers or lose all they had. There for from that point on if a strike happened the government was supposed to intervein.
3. What did Roosevelt do to the trusts and railroads?
He tried to disban the trusts by using the Sherman Antitrust act. He helped make the Elkin Act of 1903 and the Hepburn act of 1906 which gave the federal power a lot of power over the railroads.
4. What legislation passed during Roosevelt's presidency protected citizens?
He helped pass the meat inspection act and the pure food and drug act which made food safer and medicne safer.
5. What did Roosevelt do to protect the environment?
He set aside land for national parks. He set aside land for the perpose of people to appreciate.
Sunday, October 4, 2009
Urbanzation
1. What is Urbanization?
Urbanization is the growth of cities.
2. For what reasons did a number of Americans move from the country to the cities?
Americans moved from the rural areas to the cities for a few reasons. First with farming inventions like the McCormick reaper and the steel plow less people were needed to make the same amount of product. So farms started to combine with one another. So less workers were needed which meant less jobs and people have to work to make money so they moved to the cities were their was always work because of the huge amount of mills and factories.
3. What were the housing problems that many poor city dwellers faced?
Since the houses or apartments were old they were really bad. Also there was not much garbage pick up so they dumped their garbage down the air shafts which attacted vermin like rats which fouled the air. Then they boarded up the air shafts which cut off their supply of air. Their water was poluted so it wasn't exactly safe. The sanitation was horrible because it wasn't properly cleaned up. Their was also a high chance of fire becasue of the amount of wooden buildings and that there was not much water to fight the fires with.
Urbanization is the growth of cities.
2. For what reasons did a number of Americans move from the country to the cities?
Americans moved from the rural areas to the cities for a few reasons. First with farming inventions like the McCormick reaper and the steel plow less people were needed to make the same amount of product. So farms started to combine with one another. So less workers were needed which meant less jobs and people have to work to make money so they moved to the cities were their was always work because of the huge amount of mills and factories.
3. What were the housing problems that many poor city dwellers faced?
Since the houses or apartments were old they were really bad. Also there was not much garbage pick up so they dumped their garbage down the air shafts which attacted vermin like rats which fouled the air. Then they boarded up the air shafts which cut off their supply of air. Their water was poluted so it wasn't exactly safe. The sanitation was horrible because it wasn't properly cleaned up. Their was also a high chance of fire becasue of the amount of wooden buildings and that there was not much water to fight the fires with.
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